Diagnostic Imaging Spine 3rd Edition

Tài liệu màu 2015. Chẩn đoán hình ảnh cột sống. (Bản màu đẹp)

INDEX

Part I: Congenital and Genetic Disorders

SECTION 1: CONGENITAL

• NORMAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS
• Normal Anatomy
• Measurement Techniques
• MR Artifacts
• Normal Variant
• Craniovertebral
• Junction Variants
• Ponticulus Posticus
• Ossiculum Terminale
• Conjoined Nerve Roots
• Limbus Vertebra
• Filum Terminale Fibrolipoma
• Bone Island
• Ventriculus Terminalis

CHIARI DISORDERS

• Chiari 0
• Chiari 1

Complex Chiary

• Chiari 2
• Chiari 3

ABNORMALITIES OF NEURULATION

• Approach to Spine and Spinal Cord Development
• Myelomeningocele
• Lipomyelomeningocele
• Lipoma
• Dorsal Dermal Sinus
• Simple Coccygeal Dimple
• Dermoid Cysts
• Epidermoid Cysts

ANOMALIES OF THE CAUDAL CELL MESS

• Tethered Spinal Cord
• Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis
• Caudal Regression Syndrome
• Terminal Myelocystocele
• Anterior Sacral Meningocele
• 120 Sacral Extradural Arachnoid Cyst
• Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

ANOMALIES OF NOTOCHORD AND VERTEBRAL FORMATION

• Craniovertebral Junction Embryology
• Paracondylar Process
• Split Atlas
• Klippel-Feil Spectrum
• Failure of Vertebral Formation
• Vertebral Segmentation Failure
• Diastematomyelia
• Partial Vertebral Duplication
• Incomplete Fusion, Posterior Element
• Neurenteric Cyst

DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES

• Os Odontoideum
• Lateral Meningocele
• Dorsal Spinal Meningocele
• Dural Dysplasia

GENETIC DISORDERS

• Neurofibromatosis Type 1
• Neurofibromatosis Type 2
• Achondroplasia
• Mucopolysaccharidoses
• Sickle Cell Disease
• Osteogenesis Imperfecta
• Tuberous Sclerosis
• Osteopetrosis
• Gaucher Disease
• Ochronosis
• Connective Tissue Disorders
• Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia
• Thanatophoric Dwarfism

SECTION 2: SCOLIOSIS AND KYPHOSIS

• Introduction to Scoliosis
• Scoliosis
• Kyphosis
• Degenerative Scoliosis
• Flat Back Syndrome
• Scoliosis Instrumentation

Part II: Trauma

SECTION 1: VERTEBRAL COLUMN, DISCS, AND PARASPINAL MUSCLE

• Fracture Classification
• Atlantooccipital Dislocation
• Ligamentous Injury
• Occipital Condyle Fracture
• Jefferson C1 Fracture
• Odontoid C2 Fracture
• Burst C2 Fracture
• Hangman’s C2 Fracture
• Apophyseal Ring Fracture
• Cervical Hyperflexion Injury
• Cervical Hyperextension Injury
• Cervical Hyperextension-Rotation Injury
• Cervical Burst Fracture
• Cervical Hyperflexion-Rotation Injury
• Cervical Lateral Flexion Injury
• Cervical Posterior Column Injury
• Traumatic Disc Herniation
• Thoracic and Lumbar Burst Fracture
• Facet-Lamina Thoracolumbar Fracture
• Fracture Dislocation
• Chance Fracture
• Thoracic and Lumbar Hyperextension Injury
• Anterior Compression Fracture
• Lateral Compression Fracture
• Lumbar Facet-Posterior Fracture
• Sacral Traumatic Fracture
• Pedicle Stress Fracture
• Sacral Insufficiency Fracture

SECTION 2: CORD, DURA, AND VESSELS

• SCIWORA
• Post-traumatic Syrinx
• Presyrinx Edema
• Spinal Cord Contusion-Hematoma
• Idiopathic Spinal Cord Herniation
• Central Spinal Cord Syndrome
• Traumatic Dural Tear
• Traumatic Epidural Hematoma
• Traumatic Subdural Hematoma
• Vascular Injury, Cervical
• Traumatic Arteriovenous Fistula
• Wallerian Degeneration

Part III: Degenerative Diseases and Arthritides

SECTION 1: DEGENERATIVE DISEASES

• Nomenclature of Degenerative Disc Disease
• Degenerative Disc Disease
• Degenerative Endplate Changes
• Degenerative Arthritis of the CVJ
• Disc Bulge
• Anular Fissure, Intervertebral Disc
• Cervical Intervertebral Disc Herniation
• Thoracic Intervertebral Disc Herniation
• Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation
• Intervertebral Disc Extrusion, Foraminal
• Cervical Facet Arthropathy
• Lumbar Facet Arthropathy
• Facet Joint Synovial Cyst
• Baastrup Disease
• Bertolotti Syndrome
• Schmorl Node
• Scheuermann Disease
• Acquired Lumbar Central Stenosis
• Congenital Spinal Stenosis
• Cervical Spondylosis
• DISH
• OPLL
• Ossification Ligamentum Flavum
• Periodontoid Pseudotumor

SECTION 2: SPONDYLOLISTHESIS AND SPONDYLOLYSIS

• Spondylolisthesis
• Spondylolysis
• Instability

SECTION 3: INFLAMMATORY, CRYSTALLINE, AND MISCELLANEOUS ARTHRITIDES

• Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
• Spondyloarthropathy
• Neurogenic (Charcot) Arthropathy
• Hemodialysis Spondyloarthropathy
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• CPPD
• Gout
• Longus Colli Calcific Tendinitis

Part IV: Infection and Inflammatory Disorders

SECTION 1: INFECTIONS

• Pathways of Spread
• Spinal Meningitis
• Pyogenic Osteomyelitis
• Tuberculous Osteomyelitis
• Fungal and Miscellaneous Osteomyelitis
• Osteomyelitis, C1-C2
• Brucellar Spondylitis
• Septic Facet Joint Arthritis
• Paraspinal Abscess
• Epidural Abscess
• Subdural Abscess
• Abscess, Spinal Cord
• Viral Myelitis
• HIV Myelitis
• Syphilitic Myelitis
• Opportunistic Infections
• Echinococcus
• Schistosomiasis
• Cysticercosis

SECTION 2: INFLAMMATORY AND AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS

• Acute Transverse Myelopathy
• Idiopathic Acute Transverse Myelitis
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Neuromyelitis Optica
• ADEM
• Guillain-Barré Syndrome
• CIDP
• Sarcoidosis
• Subacute Combined Degeneration
• HARDWARE
• Metal Artifact
• Occipitocervical Fixation
• Plates and Screws
• Cages
• Interbody Fusion Devices
• Interspinous Spacing Devices
• Cervical Artificial Disc
• Lumbar Artificial Disc
• Hardware Failure
• Bone Graft Complications
• rhBMP-2 Complications
• Heterotopic Bone Formation
• Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis
• Grisel Syndrome
• Paraneoplastic Myelopathy

Part V: Neoplasms, Cysts, and Other Masses

SECTION 1: NEOPLASMS

INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

• Spread of Neoplasms
• EXTRADURAL
• Blastic Osseous Metastases
• Lytic Osseous Metastases
• Hemangioma
• Osteoid Osteoma
• Osteoblastoma
• Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
• Giant Cell Tumor
• Osteochondroma
• Chondrosarcoma
• Osteosarcoma
• Chordoma
• Ewing Sarcoma
• Lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Plasmacytoma
• Multiple Myeloma
• Neuroblastic Tumor
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
• Angiolipoma

INTRADURAL EXTRAMEDULLARY

• Schwannoma
• Meningioma
• Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma
• Neurofibroma
• Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumors
• Metastases, CSF Disseminated
• Paraganglioma

INTRAMEDULLARY

• Astrocytoma
• Cellular Ependymoma
• Myxopapillary Ependymoma
• Hemangioblastoma
• Spinal Cord Metastases
• Primary Melanocytic Neoplasms/Melanocytoma
• Ganglioglioma

SECTION 2: NONNEOPLASTIC CYSTS AND TUMOR MIMICS

• CYSTS
• CSF Flow Artifact
• Meningeal Cyst
• Perineural Root Sleeve Cyst
• Syringomyelia
• NONNEOPLASTIC MASSES AND TUMOR MIMICS
• Epidural Lipomatosis
• Normal Fatty Marrow Variants
• Fibrous Dysplasia
• Kümmell Disease
• Hirayama Disease

SECTION 3: VASCULAR AND SYSTEMIC DISORDERS VASCULAR LESIONS

• Vascular Anatomy
• Persistent First Intersegmental Artery
• Persistent Hypoglossal Artery
• Persistent Proatlantal Artery
• Type 1 Vascular Malformation (dAVF)
• Type 2 Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
• Type 3 Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
• Type 4 Vascular Malformation (AVF)
• Conus Arteriovenous Malformation
• Posterior Fossa Dural Fistula with Intraspinal Drainage
• Cavernous Malformation
• Spinal Artery Aneurysm
• Spinal Cord Infarction
• Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
• Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma
• Subdural Hematoma
• Superficial Siderosis
• Hematomyelia/Nontraumatic Cord Hemorrhage
• Bow Hunter Syndrome
• Vertebral Dissection

SPINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASES

• Osteoporosis
• Paget Disease
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Renal Osteodystrophy
• Hyperplastic Vertebral Marrow
• Myelofibrosis
• Bone Infarction
• Extramedullary Hematopoiesis
• Tumoral Calcinosis

Part VI: Peripheral Nerve and Plexus

SECTION 1: PLEXUS AND PERIPHERAL NERVE LESIONS

• Normal Plexus and Nerve Anatomy
• Superior Sulcus Tumor
• Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
• Muscle Denervation
• Brachial Plexus Traction Injury
• Idiopathic Brachial Plexus Neuritis
• Traumatic Neuroma
• Radiation Plexopathy
• Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
• Peripheral Neurolymphomatosis
• Hypertrophic Neuropathy
• Femoral Neuropathy
• Ulnar Neuropathy
• Suprascapular Neuropathy
• Median Neuropathy
• Common Peroneal Neuropathy
• Tibial Neuropathy

Part VII: Spine Postprocedural Imaging

SECTION 1: POSTOPERATIVE IMAGING AND COMPLICATIONS

• Surgical Approaches
• Normal Postoperative Change
• Postoperative Spinal Complications
• Myelography Complications
• Vertebroplasty Complications
• Failed Back Surgery Syndrome
• Recurrent Disc Herniation
• Peridural Fibrosis
• Arachnoiditis/Adhesions
• Arachnoiditis Ossificans
• Accelerated Degeneration
• Postoperative Infection
• Pseudomeningocele
• CSF Leakage Syndrome
• Postsurgical Deformity

SECTION 2: POST-RADIATION AND CHEMOTHERAPY COMPLICATIONS

• Radiation Myelopathy
• Post-Irradiation Vertebral Marrow
• Anterior Lumbar Radiculopathy

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